In February 1837, the African Institute was established in Cheyney, Pennsylvania, at the bequest of Quaker philanthropist Richard Humphreys. He had designated $10,000, a tenth of his estate, “to instruct the descendants of the African race in school learning, in the various branches of the mechanic arts, trades and agriculture, in order to prepare and fit and qualify them to act as teachers.” Today, the school is called Cheyney University, the first of what would later be known as historically Black colleges and universities, or HBCUs. According to the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC), from the 1860s to
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